This mass scale manufacturing leaves little room for customization for patients with special needs. Before the FDA was created, compounding was the only method used to create medications for patients. The pharmacist would assess the patient and take recommendations from the doctor before returning to the apothecary to hand-create a precise formula for the patient. The fact that some compounding pharmacies lack FDA approval could worry some potential patients. This ensures that the pharmacy works with safe substances, using empirical evidence and reliable methods for each and every medication created.
The medications used in compounding formulas, when broken down, are virtually identical from a chemical perspective. Patients require a prescription for all compounded medications, just as they do for retail pharmaceutical prescriptions.
Unlike a retail pharmacy, a compounding pharmacy can create the perfect dose for your medical condition, as well as your height, weight, gender, and age. This precise dosage is more likely to decrease the occurrence of side effects from the medication while treating your condition in the most effective manner possible. When you use a compounding pharmacy, you can choose the form your medication comes in, including liquid, powder, capsule, cream, or ointment.
Pharmacists providing specialized compounding reported that compared with their prior routine practice, they used a greater variety of ingredients and dosage forms for more clinical conditions, used different equipment and processes, and had upgraded facilities for handling compounded products 2. Consumers and medical doctor interactions were more involved and in the case of physicians, more collaborative compared with routine dispensing in other words greater collaboration and interaction with prescribers and patients and 3.
The pharmacists feeling more empowered in their roles, with improved professional satisfaction. An evaluation of the integration of standards and guidelines in community pharmacy practices are also appeared in the literature [20].
A lack of integration of practice standards indicated a need to review the standards for relevance and the majority of pharmacists believe that there is a need to re-evaluate flowchart models workflow redesign and procedures based on new roles, guidelines and responsibilities [20,21]. Reclaiming pharmaceutical compounding as a specialization is surely an attempt of pharmacists to regain control of this core function but there are calls for regulatory and practice standard changes.
Recent concerns about appropriate and safe compounding practices, both in community pharmacies but in hospital pharmacies as well, have been addressed [22]. According to the research in [2] " while drugs manufactured and tested in accordance with GMP regulations cannot be guaranteed to always be free of quality problems, the probability that FDA-approved drugs will consistently meet required quality standards is higher than it is for compounded drugs ".
In the unfortunate event when a preparation error occurs in pharmacy compounding, only a limited number of patients will be affected. As mentioned previously [23], in most cases the threats to patient safety that compounded medications pose are mainly due to: 1. As pharmaceutical companies comply with GMP regulations to reduce the level of risk inherent in the large-scale production of drugs, so pharmacies that perform compounding in the small-scale preparation of medicinal products should comply with GLP regulations governing every aspect of drug preparation and testing.
It is the compounding pharmacists' obligation to ensure adherence to these standards for compounding that will finally lead to the desirable medical care. Pharmaceutical Compounding is the practice and the science of preparing personalized medications for patients.
Compounded medicines enhance pharmacist contribution to developing and implementing patient therapeutic plans and provide customized medications of high pharmaceutical quality. The aim of this article was to present the leader role of pharmacist for the patient-centered healthcare system based on compounded medicines. Pharmacists should have a deep knowledge of specialized compounding, new protocols and regulatory updates in order to bridge the gap between the needs of the patients and the legislation of compounded medications.
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Read More. Special Issues Frequently Asked Questions. Links Advanced knowledge sharing through global community… Read More. Take a look at the Recent articles. Pharmaceutical compounding: Recent advances, lessons learned and future perspectives Angeliki Siamidi. The legislation of compounded medications As mentioned above, compounded dosage forms of drugs are not approved by regulatory agencies, which can not verify the efficacy, the effectiveness and safety of compounded medicines.
Pharmaceutical compounding and patient-centered healthcare Pharmaceutical compounding is synonymous to patient centered services with an added value for the consumers. The leader role of pharmacist Additionally, the role of pharmacist is central in the Health Systems. Specialized compounding The role of traditional compounding has declined due to the availability of mass-manufactured medicines but over the past years specialized compounding is increasingly offered from pharmacies [16].
Compounding errors Reclaiming pharmaceutical compounding as a specialization is surely an attempt of pharmacists to regain control of this core function but there are calls for regulatory and practice standard changes. Conclusion Pharmaceutical Compounding is the practice and the science of preparing personalized medications for patients.
References Mullarkey T Pharmacy compounding of high-risk level products and patient safety. Compounding is often required for medical reasons; some patients require a particular non-essential ingredient to be removed from their medication to prevent an allergic reaction.
Others require compounded medication to acquire an exact dosage amount that is unique to their own personal needs and which may not be available in the available marketed drugs. Compounding pharmacies are also used for more optional reasons.
Often times, patients will need their medications in a different form. For example, if an elderly or pediatric patient has difficulty taking their medication in capsule form; a compounding pharmacist can provide the same medication in a cream base form to allow the patient to apply the medication topically, or in a syrup or solution form for easier administration.
Pharmaceutical compounding is also used to change the taste and color of medications, to make it more palatable and aesthetically appealing to patients, especially with children and even animals. Compounded medications are ordered by a licensed physician, veterinarian or other prescriber, and must be mixed in a safe and carefully controlled environment by a licensed compounding pharmacist.
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